Otero R, Tobón GS, Fernando Gómez L, Osorio R, Valderrama R, Hoyos D, Urreta JE, Molina S, Arboleda JJ. Mating includes a series of movements of the male, which then slowly chases an accepting female. In Costa Rica, human impact has seemed to favor Bothrops asper. xi + 402 pp. Specimens may have a yellow zig-zag-shaped line on each side of the body. Reptiles of Central America, 2nd Edition. Part 1 - Description and distribution. La terciopelo (Bothrops asper)2 es una especie de serpiente crotalina venenosa que se encuentra en América Central y norte de Sudamérica.1 estas serpientes se hallan en un amplio rango de hábitats de tierras bajas, a menudo cerca de hábitats humanos. The Bothrops asper, commonly known as a fer-de-lance, shown here in Costa Rica, is a venomous pit viper species native to Central and South America. La terciopelo (Bothrops asper) es una especie de serpiente crotalina venenosa que se encuentra en América Central y el norte de Sudamérica. In the interspaces, there are dark, paravertebral blotches. Sasa M, Vázquez S. 2003. RC (Río Cuarto, Grecia, Alajuela), LV (La Virgen, Sarapiquí, Heredia), SQ (Siquirres, Limón), PA (Parrita, Puntarenas), QU (Quepos, Puntarenas), BB (Bahía Ballena (Osa, Puntarenas), CA (Candelarita, Puriscal, San José). To prevent water loss where they occur in drier regions, this species has more scales. Ciudad Universitaria Rodrigo Facio San José , Costa Rica … 1998 The body is moderately robust, with a large head, well differentiated and clearly triangular when seen dorsally. In northern South America, it is found in Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana and Venezuela. Population Status: it’s regarded as a “Least Concern” species on the IUCN Red List. This page was last edited on 15 November 2020, at 22:45. Familia: Viperidae Family. Snakebite envenomation in Costa Rica: a revision of incidence in the decade 1990–2000. Amphibians and Reptiles of San Luis Potosí. Bothrops asper - Greene, 1997 Common names : terciopelo, fer-de-lance, [2] ( more ). Adult specimens, when cornered and fully alert, are dangerous. HOGE (1966) classified Bothrops atrox snakes from Costa Rica as Bothrops aspen. Bothrops asper is the species that induces the highest incidence of snakebite envenomation in southern Mexico, Central America and parts of northern South America. (1991). Transportes Sáenz. CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (. [2], B. asper occurs throughout the inter-Andes valleys of Colombia across the Caribbean coastal plain through central Venezuela north of the Orinoco as far east as the Delta Amacuro region. clavatus in Costa Rica. In 12 fatal cases, the cause of death was sepsis (5), intracranial hemorrhage (3), acute kidney injury with hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis (2) and hemorrhagic shock (1). [2] This species is reported to occur from seven (Bolívar, Carchi, Chimborazo, Esmeraldas, Guayas, Los Ríos and Pichincha) of the fourteen provinces along the Pacific slope of Ecuador. The fer-de-lance can be found along the Caribbean, from the northeast of Mexico to Venezuela, and from the Central Pacific in Costa Rica to low lands in the Pacific of Colombia and Ecuador. Allozyme Variation in Populations of Bothrops asper (Serpentes: Viperidae) in Costa Rica. Herpetologists' League. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Costa Rica, A Herpetofauna between Two Continents, between Two Seas. [1] Se halla en un amplio rango de hábitats de tierras de altitud altas, a menudo cerca de asentamientos humanos. Reports of invertebrate and insect remains in the digestive tracts along with frog and lizard remains are believed to represent secondary ingestion, however the dissection of several specimens containing only insect remains such as beetles (Coleoptera), and bugs (Hemiptera) are believed to reflect insects as primary prey too. The range of Bothrops asper includes the northwestern coast of South America from Ecuador to Venezuela, Trinidad, and north as far as Mexico. As Costa Ricans are awfully afraid of snakes as a whole, a lot of harmless snakes with similar pattern are precautiosly killed as well. Fer-de-lance Viper, Terciopelo Viper, Bothrops asper, Tropical Rainforest, Costa Rica, Central America, America - Buy this stock photo and explore similar images at Adobe Stock Sales: 800-685-3602 Sell Dictionary of Herpetology. Fer-de-Lance/Terciopelo -Bothrops asper A member of the viper family, the fer-de-lance -- or terciopelo to locals, is considered the most dangerous snake in Costa Rica, not for the potency of its venom, but its ubiquity. Die Schlangen Costa Ricas. Because of its proximity to human habitations and its defensive temperament, it is more dangerous to people than many other snakes. Eagle Mountain, Utah. Snakebites in Central and South America: Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Clinical Management. Köhler, Gunther (2008). 24 4.2 Mapa del vector de expresión pVAX1. Moody, Eric K. 2015. Se halla en un amplio rango de hábitats de tierras bajas, a menudo cerca de asentamientos humanos. Segura A(1), Herrera M, Villalta M, Vargas M, Uscanga-Reynell A, de León-Rosales SP, Jiménez-Corona ME, Reta-Mares JF, Gutiérrez JM, León G. 6 Organization for Tropical Studies, San José, Costa Rica. Inicio » Bothrops asper costa rica. Schwartz, Albert and Robert W. Henderson. i-iii, 1-113 pp. : Alcatrazes lancehead (Bothrops alcatraz), Patagonian lancehead, (Bothrops ammodytoides), Andean lancehead (Bothrops andianus) etc.). Laguna del Lagarto, Costa Rica. Its proximity to human habitations and temperament are likely the reasons why it is considered more dangerous to … It is found in a wide range of lowland habitats, often near human habitations. clavatus in Costa Rica. Image: 50197550 It can … Herpetological Review 46 (2): 266-267 - get paper here; Mora, José Manuel and Manuel Merchán 2001. Y es la que causa la mayor cantidad de … 7 4.1 Mapa del vector de expresión pCI. Farr, William L. and David Lazcano. (Casper S./Wikipedia) Snakes: The Evolution of Mystery in Nature. [3] [4]. 400 pp. Download this stock image: Fer-de-lance, Terciopelo, Bothrops asper, Manuel Antonio Nat park, CR - W9M0KE from Alamy's library of millions of high resolution stock photos, illustrations and vectors. Fer De Lance Facts (Bothrops Asper) Latin name: Bothrops asper. The average number of offspring was 18.6 (five to 40) in this population. Venom of Bothrops asper from Mexico and Costa Rica: Intraspecific variation and cross-neutralization by antivenoms. Standard Spanish, English and Scientific Names of the Amphibians and Reptiles of Mexico (2nd. Southwestern Naturalist 62(1): 77-84. Lillywhite, Harvey B. The fer-de-lance is also characterized by the presence of postocular bands on each side of the head. The type locality given is "Obispo, on the Isthmus of Darien" (Panama). Scientific name: Bothrops asper. En Costa Rica, se sabe que los adultos se alimentan de ratas, zarigüeyas y otros roedores, así como de conejos, ranas y gecos (Gonatodes albogularis). Isolation of an acidic phospholipase A2 from the venom of the snake Bothrops asper of Costa Rica: biochemical and toxicological characterization. However both juveniles and adults, regardless of size or age, are known to opportunistically prey on ectothermic and endothermic species. (1994). Bothrops asper (common names Terciopelo [English], Cuatro Narices [Spanish], and often called the fer-de-lance among many other colloquial names, but see discussion under common names below[2][3][4]) is a highly venomous pit viper species, ranging in distribution from southern Mexico to northern South America. Author information: (1)Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica. You’ll definitely see this snake before you step on it. Gigastereo. B. asper occurs throughout the inter-Andes valleys of Colombia across the Caribbean coastal plain through central Venezuela north of the Orinoco as far east as the Delta Amacuro region. Yet none is more feared than Bothrops asper—the terciopelo, also known as the fer-de-lance. Range: Southern Mexico to northern South America. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois. The bothrops asper doesn’t have any subspecies, but it’s part of a large family of snakes known as “Bothrops.” These include Bothrops atrox and Bothrops jararaca, two species with dark colors and triangle patterns that are commonly confused for Bothrops asper. Familia Viperidae. This is the only Bothrops species that occurs on the island of Trinidad, although the situation there is complicated due to proximity of Trinidad to the Orinoco Delta where it may be sympatric with B. What does the Bothrops asper look like? The specific epithet, asper, which is a Latin word meaning "rough" or "harsh", may allude to the species' keeled dorsal scales. [2][12][13] Several herpetologist have preferred and argued to restrict the name fer-de-lance to the Martinique lancehead (Bothrops lanceolatus) from the Caribbean Island of Martinique but, popular usage has rarely recognized any distinction. 5 Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica. Edema induced by Bothrops asper (Squamata: Viperidae) snake venom and its inhibition by Costa Rican plant extracts. Herpetological Circular No. Very big females can reach lengths up to 2.5 metres (8.2 ft), although this is uncommon. [20], Just a few of the documented ectothermic prey items include: centipedes (Scolopendra), beetles (Coleoptera), grasshoppers (Orthoptera), crayfish, eels (Synbranchus); caecilians (Dermophis), frogs (Eleutherodactylus, Leptodactylus, Smilisca), toads (Rhinella), amphisbaenians (Amphisbaena), lizards (Ameiva, Anolis, Ctenosaura), and snakes (Bothrops, Erythrolamprus, Ninia). Tipton, Bob L. (2005). This species is the main cause of snakebite incidents within its range. [6], Some of the common names applied to this snake are terciopelo ("velvet" in Spanish), fer-de-lance,[2] mapepire balsain (Trinidad), carpet labaria (Guyana), barba amarilla (Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua; "yellow beard"), equis (Ecuador and Panama; "x"),[7] talla equis (Colombia), cuaima (Venezuela), nauyaca (México; from Nahuatl nahui, four, and yacatl, nose; "four noses"),[8] and yellow-jaw tommygoff (Belize). La Nauyaca (Bothrops Asper) Barba Amarilla o terciopelo vive en una región que abarca parte de México, Honduras y países de Sud América. In South America, it apparently ranges to considerably higher elevations: up to 2,500 metres (8,200 ft) in Venezuela and at least 2,640 metres (8,660 ft) in Colombia according to herpetologist Lancini. Nombre común: fer-de-lance or terciopelo. [1] Comstock Publishing Associates, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York. Bothrops asper is adapted to areas with low levels of disturbance along the agricultural frontier, and consequently it is not rare to find it in or near human dwellings. Bothrops asper. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. Juveniles are also known to exhibit caudal luring, a use of their differently colored tail tips to lure prey. Bothrops asper in Costa Rica. Juveniles are often semiarboreal, and even adults are sometimes encountered in bushes and low trees. In the Colombian states of Antioquia and Chocó, it causes 50–70% of all snakebites, with a sequelae rate of 9% and a fatality rate of 6% (Otero et al., 1992). Bothrops asper is a highly venomous pit viper species ranging from southern Mexico to northern South America. This species is often found near rivers and streams, basking in the sun during the day and lying still while well camouflaged in leaf litter or under forest cover waiting to ambush prey such as rats and mice that come within range during the night. A Bothrops asper snake (Garman, 1884) was captured in the Caribbean region of Costa Rica and had its lung infested with pentastomids, identified as ca Porocephalus clavatus (Wyman, 1845). However, despite popular belief, no evidence supports a purported increase in population density of this species in Costa Rica. Henderson, Robert W. and Robert Powell. A Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of the Maya World. This is a reference to these snakes' highly sensitive heat-detecting pit organs. Contáctenos: Omar Torres. There are even a few records from northern coastal Peru, with these snakes being reported in the Tumbes Region. Venom of Bothrops asper from Mexico and Costa Rica: Intraspecific variation and cross-neutralization by antivenoms De estos, máximo tres desencadenan en la muerte de la persona. Venom of Bothrops asper from Mexico and Costa Rica: intraspecific variation and cross-neutralization by antivenoms. Venomous snakes in Costa Rica; Bothrops asper Bothrops asper . (2013). ed.). In recent decades herpetologist have preferred the name Terciopelo for Bothrops asper,[14][15][16][17] although the term fer-de-lance is still common in popular usage. La terciopelo (Bothrops asper) [2] es una especie de serpiente crotalina venenosa que se encuentra en América Central y el norte de Sudamérica. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. Cuenta de una Bothrops asper hembra en estado de gravidez que fue matada en territorio miskito, en el departamento de Gracias a Dios, Honduras. The Terciopelo or Fer-de-Lance is a large snake that can reach lengths up to 250 cm, although the average male ranges between 140 and 180 cm long. [19], The venomous bite of B. asper has been suggested to have been a factor in the choice of certain Mayan settlements, such as Nim Li Punit, Belize Central America, where the thick jungle inhabited by these snakes was used as a defensive boundary. Its high fertility explains why the fer-de-lance is one of the most prominent snakes in the country. [23], Compared to the common lancehead, B. atrox, these snakes have been described as excitable and unpredictable when disturbed. Females will mate with more than one male during mating season. Snakes of the Americas, Checklist and Lexicon. 38. This represents the first record of Porocephalus (Humboldt, 1812) on B. asper as well as P. cf. Phospholipases A(2) (PLA(2)) are major components of snake venoms, exerting a variety of relevant toxic actions such as neurotoxicity and myotoxicity, among others. Reptilia (GB) (18):56-61 - get paper here; Müller,F. A Bothrops asper snake (Garman, 1884) was captured in the Caribbean region of Costa Rica and had its lung infested with pentastomids, identified as ca Porocephalus clavatus (Wyman, 1845). On the Pacific side, mating took place between September and November, with females giving birth between April and June. The females tend to be longer than males. BaspPLA(2)-II is monomeric, with a mass of 14,212 +/- 6 Da and a pI of 4.9. Fer-de-Lance (Bothrops asper) - Laguna del Lagarto Lodge, Boca Tapada, Costa Rica [Controlled Specimen] 2 Bothrops asper or also called fer de lance snakes image taken in Panama; Fer-de-Lance (Bothrops asper) pit viper juvenile snake in the rainforest, Panama. The Instituto Clodomiro Picado in San Jose, Costa Rica produces a polyvalent antivenom that is effective on Bothrops asper, Lachesis stenophrys, Crotalus durissus which costs about 25.00 a vial and it is more effective than US antivenoms. Dark triangles with pale edges can be seen laterally, which range in number from 18 to 25. It has also been observed to eject venom over a distance of at least 6 ft (1.8 m) in fine jets from the tips of its fangs (Mole, 1924). [28], This species was once regarded as a subspecies of B. atrox and can still often be confused with it. Furthermore, this species adapts to perturbed environments, which explains why it is responsible for more than 50% of the ophidic accidents of the region. 1998. The timing of breeding differs between populations in the Caribbean and Pacific lowlands. The original name comes from the French language and means lancehead, as they have a broad, flattened, triangular head. * Corrresponding author: Beatriz Badilla INIFAR, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Costa Rica. This is the only Bothrops species that occurs on the island of Trinidad, although the situation there is complicated due to proximity of Trinidad to the Orinoco Delta where it may be sympatric with B. atrox . Herpeton, Verlag Elke Köhler, Offenbach, Germany. 22. [2] The name fer-de-lance has been used inconsistently and very informally with several species in the genus Bothrops having been called fer-de-lance at one time or another, most commonly Bothrops asper, Bothrops atrox, Bothrops caribbaeus, and Bothrops lanceolatus. Herpetologica 54 (4): 462. It is not known whether this species exhibits annual or biannual reproduction.[22]. On the Atlantic side, mating was observed in March, and births occurred between September and November. It dwells in the lowland Atlantic coastal areas of Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. [27], Venom yield (dry weight) averages 458 mg, with a maximum of 1530 mg (Bolaños, 1984)[27] and an LD50 in mice of 2.844 mg/kg IP. Endothermic prey species include: bay wren (Cantorchilus nigricapillus), grey-headed tanager (Eucometis penicillata), wren (Troglodytes), blue-black grassquit (Volatinia jacarina), Central American woolly opossum (Caluromys derbianus), common opossum (Didelphis marsupialis), Desmarest's spiny pocket mouse (Heteromys desmarestianus), dusky rice rat (Melanomys caliginosus), Rothschild's porcupine (Coendou rothschildi), Brazilian cottontail (Sylvilagus brasiliensis), and least shrew (Cryptotis parva). 23. Eco Burgers & Wings. Beatriz Badilla 1*, Fernando Chaves 2, Gerardo Mora 3 & Luis J. Poveda 4. Apices either alternate or are reflective of each other over the middorsal line. Even though they are adaptable, some areas have seen a decline which is thought to stem from … The underside is most often pale yellow. Bothrops asper – Greene, 1997; Common names: fer-de-lance, terciopelo . ÍNDICE DE FIGURAS 2.1 Distribución geográfica de las serpientes Lachesis stenophrys y Bothrops asper en Costa Rica. They are, however, sometimes found at much higher elevations. Download Fer De Lance Bothrops Asper Costa Rica Stock Photography via CartoonDealer. Reptiles del Ecuador. Krieger Publishing Co. Malabar, Florida. However, despite popular belief, no evidence supports a purported increase in population density of this species in Costa Rica. 5 Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica. The Costa Rican fer-de-lance (Bothrops asper), is commonly known as terciopelo (“velvet”). [2] They also have heads two or three times the size of males relative to their size and proportionally bigger fangs (typically 2.5 cm), as well. (2009). It is found on the Gulf - Atlantic versant of eastern Mexico as far north as the state of Tamaulipas, southward into Central America, including Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama. Leer más sobre Serpiente Barba Amarilla; Bazar del Sábado. Coloring can vary slightly among the locales as well. Warrell DA. (2008). A definite zoological classification of Bothrops atrox is, however, still lacking (STOCKER and BARLOW, 1976). 6 Organization for Tropical Studies, San José, Costa Rica. "[2] In an effort to establish standardized names for the amphibians and reptiles of North America, the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles (SSAR), a not-for-profit organization and one of the largest international herpetological societies, applied following nomenclature. 24 4.2 Mapa del vector de expresión pVAX1. sintetizados a partir de toxinas ofídicas de Bothrops asper y Agkistrodon piscivorus piscivorus, sobre células eucarióticas normales y cancerosas ACREDITACIÓN Informe presentado a la Escuela de Biología del Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica como requisito parcial para optar al título de Bachiller en Ingeniería en Biotecnología. Bothrops asper is a venomous pit viper species ranging from southern Mexico to northern South America. History of the Clodomiro Picado Institute, Analysis of Biotechnological Product Samples. Instituto Clodomiro Picado.Universidad de Costa Rica. [9] In their seminal opus on the venomous reptiles of the western hemisphere, Campbell & Lamar, stated "The name fer-de lance, widely used in North America with reference to B. asper and B. atrox, has no legitimate origin of use in regions inhabited by this snake. This is true in the premontane forest in Costa Rica, the cloud forest of Guatemala and Mexico, or the lower montane wet forest in the Caribbean Region of Colombia and Ecuador. We used radiotelemetry to examine the spatial ecology and behavior of the fer‐de‐lance (Bothrops asper), a highly venomous pit viper that is ubiquitous throughout much of Central America. [22], B. asper is nocturnal and solitary. UNIVERSIDAD DE COSTA RICA SISTEMA DE ESTUDIOS DE POSGRADO Componentes del veneno de Bothrops asper que afectan la hemostasis y su papel en el desarrollo del síndrome hemorrágico Tesis sometida a la consideración del Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias para optar por el grado de Doctor en Ciencias Alexandra Rucavado Romero, M.Sc. Él tomó la cabeza con su mano y la elevó lo más alto que pudo; ... “The amphibians and reptiles of Costa Rica”, The University of Chicago Press, 2002. The Terciopelo or Fer-de-Lance is a large snake that can reach lengths up to 250 cm, although the average male ranges between 140 and 180 cm … Weight: Up to 13 pounds. Artículo científico Ver/ Versión final (297.7Kb) … [2] Although both males and females display this behavior, only males have bright coloured tail tips. [2], Due to the casual and informal application of the name "Fer-de-lance" being applied to any number of species of Latin America pit vipers in the genus Bothrops, there is much confusion and misunderstanding, particularly in popular literature, as to proper nomenclature. Schätti B; Kramer E 1993. 1 Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacéuticas, INIFAR, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Costa Rica. 1,2 Newborn lanceheads have brightly-colored tail tips (yellowish in males and pink/whitish in females). En Ecuador, principalmente se alimentan de roedores y en la isla de Trinidad, se sabe que Bothrops Asper se alimenta de todo, desde roedores y otros pequeños mamíferos, lagartos, ranas y aves , hasta cangrejos . The Terciopelo or Fer-de-Lance is a large snake that can reach lengths up to 250 cm, although the average male ranges between 140 and 180 cm long. (2008). Bothrops asper snakes are localized along the Pacific and Atlantic zones below 1000 m (TAYLOR, 1951) and were formerly classified as Bothrops atrox. The female then stops movement and extends her posture to mate. Each red dot represents an individual of Bothrops asper (n = 14). The females tend to be longer than males. Sometimes referred to as the 'ultimate pit viper', these snakes are found in a wide range of lowland habitats, often near human habitations. Zoom into our collection of high-resolution cartoons, stock photos and vector illustrations. The type locality given is "Obispo, on the Isthmus of Darien" (Panama). Fer-de-lance Snake (Bothrops asper) in Costa Rica - Buy this stock photo and explore similar images at Adobe Stock Sixteen adult snakes were tracked over 2 yr in lowland rainforest of Costa Rica to determine home range, movement patterns, and foraging behavior. This species has different patterns and colors on its dorsal and ventral sides and it exhibits a postorbital stripe. B. asper, together with Crotalus durissus, is the leading cause of snakebite in Yucatán, Mexico. [2][18] These are among the most sexually dimorphic of all snakes. Es una de las serpientes venenosas más comunes, principalmente en zonas bajas del país. Artículo científico -- Universidad de Costa Rica, Instituto de Investigaciones en Salud. This species is capable of provoking severe envenomings associated with local and systemic manifestations. Reproduction is highly seasonal and in Costa Rica, reproductive cycles are tightly related to rainfall patterns.
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