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Ultima editare a paginii a fost efectuată la 31 decembrie 2019, ora 12:15. [78] The animal's religious importance is mostly totemic. Loxodonta africana cyclotis ha un’altezza, in media, di 240 cm nei maschi e di poco più di due metri nelle femmine, con record (rari) di tre metri ed ovviamente pesi decisamente inferiori. Loxodonta africana africana Elephas africanus, Loxodonta africana este o specie de elefanți din familia Elephantidae, ordinul Proboscidea, și cea mai mare din cele două specii de elefant african.[2]. Previously, export had been allowed in Southern Africa with Zimbabwe capturing and exporting more than 100 baby elephants to Chinese zoos since 2012. Nombre científico: Loxodonta africana Estado de conservación: Vulnerable (Aumento) Enciclopedia de la vida Promedio de vida: 60 – 70 años Periodo de gestación: 22 meses Nivel trófico: Herbívoro Enciclopedia de la vida Altura: Macho: 3,2 m (Adulto, Al hombro), Hembra: 2,2 – … The analysis revealed that several African bush elephants carried mitochondrial DNA of African forest elephants, which indicates that they hybridised in the savanna-forest transition zone also in ancient times. [10] Afrikar elefantea (Loxodonta africana) Loxodonta generoko animalia da. [26][27] The tallest recorded individual stood 4.21 m (13.8 ft) at the shoulder and weighed 8,000 kg (18,000 lb). [73], In 2005, the West African Elephant Memorandum of Understanding was signed by 12 West African countries. [76][77] It is also praised for its size, longevity, stamina, mental faculties, cooperative spirit, and loyalty. Las hembras son más pequeñas que los machos. [60] As the front pair wears down and drops out in pieces, the back pair moves forward, and two new molars emerge in the back of the mouth. African forest elephants occur only in Central Africa. Loxodonta africana este o specie de elefanți din familia Elephantidae, ordinul Proboscidea, și cea mai mare din cele două specii de elefant african. [4] [40], African elephants are highly intelligent. Around 40 to 60 years of age, the elephant loses the last of its molars and will likely die of starvation, a common cause of death. [65], According to the World Wide Fund for Nature, in 2014 the total population of African elephants was estimated to be around 700,000, and the Asian elephant population was estimated to be around 32,000. Males sire few offspring in periods when they are not in musth. Los jóvenes, al nacer, miden, desde su extremidad hasta su hombro, de 0,8 a 1,05 m… Los elefantes africanos son los elefantes del género Loxodonta.El género se compone de dos existentes especies: la Loxodonta africana, L. africana, y el más pequeño elefante africano del bosque, L. cyclotis. [23], Both male and female African elephants have tusks that grow from deciduous teeth called tushes, which are replaced by tusks when calves are about one year old. Lista roșie a speciilor periclitate IUCN. In 1987, it was estimated that the African elephant population had declined to 760,000 individuals. Nutrición: Es herbívoro, se alimenta de pastos y hierbas. Adult males usually live alone. [56] Most observed matings are by males in musth over 35 years of age. [1], Elephas (Loxodonta) cyclotis was proposed by Paul Matschie in 1900 who described three African elephant zoological specimens from Cameroon whose skulls differed in shape from elephant skulls collected elsewhere in Africa. Ficha. Histoire Naturelle des Mammifères, avec des Figures originale, dessinées d'après des Animaux vivans; &c. Par MM. Like African elephants (Loxodonta africana; Lee 1987, Moss 1988), matriarchal groups of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) act together to care for calves and defend them from predators (reviewed in Whitehead and Weilgart 2000).The formation of mother–calf nursery groups, common among dolphins, can offer calves protection from predators by choosing low-risk areas (see also Chapter 9). South Africa uses elephant tusks in their coat of arms to represent wisdom, strength, moderation and eternity. Less than a third of the population of female elephants will be in estrus at any given time and gestation period of an elephant is long, so it makes more evolutionary sense for a male to search for as many females as possible rather than stay with one group. This database includes results from aerial surveys, dung counts, interviews with local people and data on poaching. However, this can depend on the ranking of the male within their group, as higher-ranking males maintain a higher rate of reproduction. Elefante-africano (Loxodonta africana) Lório-arco-íris (Trichoglossus haematodus moluccanus) Hidrossauro-das-filipinas (Hydrosaurus pustulatus) Urso-pardo (Ursus arctos) Suricata (Suricata suricatta) Mainá-do-bali (Leucopsar rothschildi) Tartaruga-de-pescoço-comprido-de-roti (Chelodina mccordi) Sem resultados {pageNumber} However, females are not guarded in the early and late stages of estrus, which may permit mating by younger males not in musth. Their thickset bodies rest on stocky legs. El elefante del Desierto de Namib (Loxodonta africana cyclotis) es una especie protegida que vive en las regiones de Kaokoland y Damaraland, en el noroeste de Namibia. [74], In 2019, the export of wild African elephants to zoos around the world was banned, with an exception added by the EU to allow export in "exceptional cases where … it is considered that a transfer to ex-situ locations will provide demonstrable in-situ conservation benefits for African elephants". The tusks weigh from 23 to 45 kg (51–99 lb) and can be from 1.5 to 2.4 m (5–8 ft) long. "Age, musth, and paternity success in wild male African elephants, "The exploitation of elephants for the ivory trade: an historical perspective", "How many elephants are killed for the ivory trade? Translate Loxodonta africana. [55] Wild males begin breeding in their thirties when they are at a size and weight that is competitive with other adult males. See Spanish-English translations with audio pronunciations, examples, and word-by-word explanations. Es … Citação: Handb. This highly sensitive organ is innervated primarily by the trigeminal nerve, and thought to be manipulated by about 40–60,000 muscles. The elephant's brain is similar to a human brain in terms of structure and complexity; the elephant's cortex has as many neurons as that of a human brain,[42] suggesting convergent evolution. [54] Bigger males tend to sire bigger offspring. Elephant mating rituals include the gentle entwining of trunks. [70], In 1989, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora listed the African elephant on CITES Appendix I. Livraison 52 et 53", "Geographische Abarten des Afrikanischen Elefanten". The divergence between the Asian elephant and the woolly mammoths is estimated 2.5 – 5.4 million years ago, which strongly supports their status as distinct species. El elefante africano de sabana ( Loxodonta africana), también conocido como elefante africano de la sabana, es el animal terrestre vivo más grande con toros que alcanzan una altura de hombros de hasta 3,96 m (13,0 pies). [31] Uniunea Internațională pentru Conservarea Naturii, images and movies of the African Bush Elephant, Clips from the BBC archive, news stories and sound files of the African Bush Elephant, https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Loxodonta_africana&oldid=13221973, Articole Wikipedia cu informații bibliotecare, Беларуская (тарашкевіца)‎, Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски, Creative Commons cu atribuire și distribuire în condiții identice. African elephants have 24 teeth in total, six on each quadrant of the jaw. Each family unit is led by an older cow known as the matriarch. Both sexes have tusks, which erupt when they are 1–3 years old and grow throughout life . Loxodonte was proposed as generic name for the African elephant by Georges Cuvier in 1824. Habitat: En … Distribución de Loxodonta vivo (2007) El elefante africano ( Loxodonta ) es un género que comprende dos especies de elefantes vivos , el elefante africano de monte ( L. africana ) y el elefante africano de bosque más pequeño ( L. cyclotis ). As a result of the trade ban, African elephant populations recovered in Southern African range countries. They do not mate at a specific time; however, they are less likely to reproduce in times of drought than when water is plentiful. [58], The first continental elephant census was carried out in 1976. Imágenes de elefantes de sabana africana, incluyendo bebés elefantes, manadas de elefantes, elefantes en baños de barro, elefantes migran y más. At the time, 1.34 million elephants were estimated to range over 7,300,000 km2 (2,800,000 sq mi). Consumiendo el 5% de su peso corporal en 24 horas, el elefante africano de sabana es el mamífero terrestre más grande que existe. Handbuch der Naturgeschichte. The African forest elephant was found to have a high degree of genetic diversity, perhaps reflecting periodic fragmentation of their habitat during the climatic changes in the Pleistocene. [22] Elephants have four molars; each weighs about 5 kg (11 lb) and measures about 30 cm (12 in) long. The African bush elephant ( Loxodonta africana ), also known as the African savanna elephant, is the largest living terrestrial animal with bulls reaching a shoulder height of up to 3.96 m (13.0 ft). [53] Females choose to a point who they mate with, since they are the ones who try to get males to compete to guard them. Fossil remains of Loxodonta species have been excavated in Africa, dating to the Middle Pliocene. [8] Its back is concave-shaped, while the back of the African forest elephant is nearly straight. Loxodonta africana rothschildi (Lydekker, 1907) Loxodonta africana selousi (Lydekker, 1907) Loxodonta africana toxotis (Lydekker, 1907) Loxodonta africana zukowskyi Strand, 1924; Loxodonta pharaohensis hannibali Deraniyagala, 1953 [nomen nudum] References . An anonymous author used the Latinized spelling Loxodonta in 1827. The enamel plates of the molars are fewer in number than in Asian elephants. During the middle of estrus, female elephants look for males in musth to guard them. Peso: Varía según la subespecie, la hembra puede pesar entre 2.700 a 3.500 Kg y el macho puede alcanzar hasta los 5.300 Kg. Poaching for the illegal ivory trade is a threat in several range countries as well. However, conservative estimates were that 23,000 African elephants were killed by poachers in 2013[61] and less than 20% of the African elephant range was under formal protection. In the 1970s and 1980s, the price for ivory rose, and poaching for ivory increased in particular in Central African range countries where access to elephant habitats was facilitated by logging and petroleum mining industries. After the ban came into force in 1990, retail sales of ivory carvings in South Africa have plummeted by more than 95% within 10 years. [22] Elephants sometimes swim underwater and use their trunks as snorkels. [15] They are all considered synonymous with the African bush elephant.[1]. The validity of Loxodonta has therefore been questioned. Female African elephants are able to start reproducing at around 10 to 12 years of age,[50] and are in estrus for about 2 to 7 days. An old bull elephant in the Ngorongoro crater. Los colmillos se desarrollan en ambos sexos, los cuales crecen año con año algunos centímetros. [37], The bulls were believed to be solitary animals, becoming independent once reaching maturity. La longitud de cuerpo del macho es de 6 a 7,5 metros, mientras que la hembra mide de 5,4 a 6,9 metros. A collection of clips I have filmed featuring the African elephant (Loxodonta africana) in the wild [31] Seres Sociáveis This is reported as the worst decline in the past 25 years. Male reproductive success is maximal in mid-adulthood and then begins to decline. They reported that in the past decade, this is a decline of 111,000 elephants. This name refers to the lozenge-shaped enamel of the molar teeth, which differs significantly from the shape of the Asian elephant's molar enamel. Because of this muscular structure, the trunk is so strong that elephants can use it for lifting about 3% of their own body weight. [32][33] African forest elephant groups are less cohesive than African bush elephant groups, probably because of the lack of predators. ... Dimorfismo sexual: macho maior com presas maiores. Loxodonta africana [Blumenbach, 1797]. Los elefantes son mamíferos grandes de la familia Elephantidae y el orden Proboscidea.Tres especies son reconocidos actualmente: la Loxodonta africana ( Loxodonta africana), el elefante africano del bosque ( L. cyclotis) y el elefante asiático ( Elephas maximus).Los elefantes se encuentran dispersas en el África subsahariana, Asia del Sur y Sudeste de Asia. Females are a scarce and mobile resource for the males so there is intense competition to gain access to estrous females. Cows are 2.2–2.6 m (7.2–8.5 ft) tall at the shoulder and weigh 2,160–3,232 kg (4,762–7,125 lb), while bulls are 3.2–4 m (10–13 ft) tall and weigh 4,700–6,048 kg (10,362–13,334 lb). Cuando son adultos maduros los co… Archivo:Elefantes africanos de sabana (Loxodonta africana), delta del Okavango, Botsuana, 2018-07-31, DD 03.jpg In 1989, the Kenyan Wildlife Service burned a stockpile of tusks in protest against the ivory trade. La contraposición entre las estrategias altricial y precocial se pueden apreciar claramente contraponiendo las variables de historia de vida de mamíferos de tamaños corporales dispares, por el ejemplo, el topillo campesino (Microtus arvalis) y el elefante africano (Loxodonta africana). [51][52] Musth also serves a purpose of calling attention to the females that they are of good quality, and it cannot be mimicked as certain calls or noises may be. En el cuerpo y la cabeza logra de 6.0 a 7.5 metros, la cola mide de 1.0 a 1.3 metros, la altura en los hombros es de 3.0 a 4.0 metros. [62] Podem pesar mais de uma tonelada e são considerados um dos maiores mamíferos terrestres da atualidade. Posee una masa corporal más pequeña que el resto de elefantes, con las patas proporcionalmente más largas y pies aparentemente más grandes que otros elefantes. Blumenbach, J. F. 1797. "[82] Their flag depicted an elephant wearing a royal crown. ", "The ivory trade and elephant conservation", "Le braconnage et la population d'éléphants au Parc National de Zakouma (Tchad)", "Tanzania elephant population declined by 60% in five years, census reveals", "Elephants Dying in Epic Frenzy as Ivory Fuels Wars and Profits", "Poaching behind worst African elephant losses in 25 years", "China and US agree on ivory ban in bid to end illegal trade globally", "Elephants still at risk with Laos replacing China as ivory market", "Status and trends of the ivory trade in Africa, 1989–1999", "African Elephant Specialist Group report", "Near-total ban imposed on sending wild African elephants to zoos", "383. [67], China was the biggest market for poached ivory but announced that it would phase out the legal domestic manufacture and sale of ivory products in May 2015, and in September of that year, China and the U.S.A. "said they would enact a nearly complete ban on the import and export of ivory. Masa corporal: 9.000-13.400 kilogramos. Nombre científico: Loxodonta africana. Both are herbivores and live in groups. [6] In 1936, Glover Morrill Allen considered this elephant to be a distinct species and called it 'forest elephant'. They have grey skin and differ in the size of their ears and tusks, and in the shape and size of their skulls. Estas dimensiones pueden ser de gran beneficio para los ecosistemas, pues le ayudan a crear caminos que permiten el tránsito de otras especies. [7] Later authors considered it to be a subspecies. [63] Este elefante es el animal terrestre de mayor peso en el presente. [57] [24], The dental formula of elephants is 1.0.3.30.0.3.3 × 2 = 26. During the 10th century AD, the people of Igbo-Ukwu, near the Niger Delta, buried their leaders with elephant tusks.[80]. The name refers to the lozenge-shaped enamel of their molar teeth. Male elephants can also smell the hormones of a female ready for breeding. Loxodonta africana nasal rumble visualized with acoustic camera (5fps) - pone.0048907.s002.ogv 13 s, 1,600 × 1,200; 3.14 MB Play media Loxodonta africana oral rumble visualized with acoustic camera (25fps) - pone.0048907.s003.ogv 3.0 s, 1,600 × 1,200; 3.91 MB New research suggests that bulls maintain ecological knowledge for the herd, facilitating survival when searching for food and water, which also benefits the young bulls who associate with them. [66] The International Union for Conservation of Nature released a report in September 2016 that estimates Africa's elephant population at 415,000. Media in category "Loxodonta africana of Kenya" The following 163 files are in this category, out of 163 total. [39] The large size and hindgut of the African elephant also allows for digestion of various plant parts, including fibrous stems, bark and roots. This leads males to compete with each other to mate, which results in the females mating with older, healthier males. [41] They have a very large and highly convoluted neocortex, a trait they share with humans, apes and some dolphin species. [75], Many African cultures revere the African Elephant as a symbol of strength and power. [13], Gene flow between the two African elephant species was examined at 21 locations. [25], The African bush elephant is the largest terrestrial animal. Gran elefante africano macho: enormes colmillos, orejas grandes, gruesas patas, extenso volumen corporal, anatomía musculosa y ¡mucha belleza! Son capaces de soportar pesos grandes pero les resulta imposible realizar movimientos de saltos. [24] Fermentation of the food takes place in the hindgut, thus enabling large food intakes. Loxodonta es un género de mamíferos proboscídeos de la familia de los elefántidos que incluye a las dos especies vivientes de elefantes africanos: el elefante africano de sabana (Loxodonta africana) y el elefante africano de bosque (Loxodonta cyclotis), [1] que anteriormente eran considerados dos subespecies de una misma especie. [72], The African Elephant Specialist Group has set up a Human-Elephant Conflict Task Force with the aim to develop conflict mitigation strategies. [29] It is the third largest terrestrial animal. Well organized networks facilitated smuggling the ivory through Sudan. [59] [64], Conflicts between elephants and a growing human population are a major issue in elephant conservation. [33], When separate family units bond, they form kinship or bond groups. El elefante (Loxodonta Africana) es el animal terrestre más grande de la Tierra, y también son uno de los animales de aspecto más singular.Con sus características narices largas, o trompas; orejas grandes y flexibles; y patas anchas y gruesas, no hay otro animal con un físico similar.

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