. SCOPE OF CHAPTER. Likewise, purchasing accounts receivable at a discount can be a good business opportunity. Former Article 9 provided that a security interest in securities may be created by the debtor signing a security agreement that contains a description of the collateral. Highland Capital Management LP v. Schneider, 8 N.Y.3d 406 (2007). This Article applies to a transaction to the extent that it is governed by another Article of the Uniform Commercial Code. Bloomberg Law provides the current UCC 2011). Likewise, purchasing accounts receivable at a discount can be a good business opportunity. FindLaw Codes are provided courtesy of Thomson Reuters Westlaw, the … A. Now there are four. June 2015 Recent Changes to Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code in New Jersey. UCC Search Manual. UCC §9-324(b), Comment 6.↩ 6. 2000) and … (a) [General scope of article.] Under UCC Article 2-719, parties to a sales contract are free to modify, alter, substitute or limit a buyer's remedies, including the limitation or exclusion of … Technically, because a bailment is not a sale of goods, it tends to fall under Article 2 of the UCC, not Article 9. The Uniform Commercial Code (UCC), a comprehensive code addressing most aspects of commercial law, is generally viewed as one of the most important developments in American law. 9. 9, as of 1 January 1990, contains the basic law governing security interests in all movable property. § 9-102 official comment. PLI's Secured Transactions 2010: What Lawyers Need to Know About UCC Article 9. describing many aspects of the operation and interpretation of this Article, these Comments explain the material changes that this Article makes to former Article 9. This code has 9 separate articles, of which Article 9 deals with secured transactions; in other words, transactions in which a borrower agrees to offer personal property for security against a debt. January 29, 2009. promissory note (see “Article 9 Collateral Categories” below) or other right to payment within the scope of Article 9, secured by a real estate mortgage or other real estate interest, Article 9 applies to the promissory note or other right to payment. The Official Comments to this section put an affirmative obligation on the account debtor to inform an assignee if the account debtor believes that an NOA is … Following is a brief summary of some of the more significant revisions of Article 9 that are included in the 1998 revision of this Article. Since the state legislatures generally enact only the text of Article 9 (though sometimes with non-uniform amendments) and not the Comments, this article focuses on the 2010 Amendments to that uniform text. (UCC 9-506) Effect of errors or omissions. In addition to impracticability, COVID-19 and related economic difficulties might trigger these other UCC Article 2 provisions: UCC § 2-502 – Buyer’s Rights upon Seller’s Insolvency. Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) Share. Sort by. Financing Statements Filed in Correct Office under Revised Article 9. Article 9 has been adopted by every state, some states have made modifications to the law or have not adopted the most recent version of the law. See UCC §9-503. 6 The Review Committee identified a amendments to Uniform Commercial Code Article 9—Secured Transac-tions. Many 601, 603-06 (1976). Garry M. Graber. Now there are four. In 2008, the Article 9 Review Committee ("Review Committee") was appointed by the ALI and ULC to review the practical appli cation of Article 9 and decide whether its text and comments would benefit from revision. Article 9: An article under the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) that governs secured transactions. Early drafts of the revision would have brought all statutory liens covering personal property within the scope of Article 9. In the case of United States, Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code provides for practically all types of security agreements for owned property that are both for own use as also for commercial purposes. New York Uniform Commercial Code Law Section 9-307 - Location of Debtor. The 1972 amendments to the Uniform Commercial Code recommended by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws were enacted by 1981 c 41 and become effective at midnight on June 30, 1982. . 142). save. Rev. Definitions and index of definitions. My purpose is not to enter into an argument about whether uniform state- Alienability of debtor’s rights. 91-893, eff. See More PEB commentaries are available within the same database. Each state's commercial code is based on an adoption of the model UCC, so the Official Comment generally is a reliable way to further illuminate a UCC section regardless of what state you're dealing with. Official Comment 9 to new 9-322 9. The good news for practitioners, however, is that the Revised Article 9 permits the practice under the Former Article 9 of listing defined categories of assets in both the security agreement and the financing statements. possession or control under Article 9 or (2) a ‘general intangible’ perfected only by filing under Article 9.2 This article will explore the remedies and strategies available to a mezzanine lender under Article 9 of the UCC after a debtor default. Many states have not yet enacted these amendments so the need for 2 sets of UCC forms is required. What if the third party files for bankruptcy protection, while in possession of your goods? Effective Date and Repealer. 542, Sec. A security interest is an interest in the asset of a buyer. (footnotes omitted). Cole Kleckner went 3 … . Law Journal Library. . Stat. CHAPTER 7 - COMMERCIAL CODE - WAREHOUSE RECEIPTS, BILLS OF LADING AND OTHER DOCUMENTS OF TITLE. Article 3. The Board incorporated UCC Article 4A, as approved by the American Law Institute and the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws in 1989, into subpart B of Regulation J to govern the Fedwire Funds Service. U.C.C. (2) This article shall be known and may be cited as the "uniform commercial code – general provisions". UCC 9-109 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) governs how a security interest is created in personal property to secure debt. Some coverage of the 1972 version of Article 9 and pre-code law related to secured transactions is included to provide historical perspective. Article 9, Secured Transactions Uniform Commercial Code Article 9 provides a statutory framework that governs secured transactions--transactions that involve the granting of credit secured by personal property. (a) Disposition after default. old, Article 9 is once again the subject of proposed amendments. Unlike the Comments to former Article 9, however, these Comments dwell very little on the pre-UCC state of the law. This Article may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code - Secured Transactions. UCC 9-108(c). In this article, when citing to the uniform version of Revised Article 9 (as opposed to a … (Source: P.A. 2. Uniform Commercial Code § 9-109. “taught” anything) on the new Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC). (810 ILCS 5/9-102) (from Ch. The Code's definition specifically includes persons who buy on credit. . U.C.C.]. What if the third party files for bankruptcy protection, while in possession of your goods? 9. More recently, Harris served as reporter for the Joint Review 8 Edwin E. Smith, A Summary of the 2010 Amendments to Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code , 42 ucc L.J. 4. Revised Article 9 contains the same provision. Effectiveness of Security Agreement; Attachment of Security Interest; Rights of Parties to Security … Article 1. Current UCC §§9-302. Counsel must therefore consult local law whenever conducting an Article 9 Sale. Section 1309.102 | Definitions and index of definitions - UCC 9-102. U.C.C. 1102. It is based on the laws of the state of Nebraska--an up to date enactment of the model code which conveniently includes annotations and comments. Law Journal Library. The first Official Text was promulgated in 1951 (and published in 1952), with additional Official Texts appearing in 1957, 1958, and 1962. Bulk Transfers [Repealed]. share. 1.102. [3] See UCC §1-102(32)(2000) (redefining the term “security interest” to include “a buyer of . 22 prior version of Article 8 of the UCC had been urged for several years, and the revi-sions were considered to represent a major advance in commercial law, particularly in addressing computerized recordkeeping and global securities trading. This version of the UCC, Articles 1 & 2, is an ideal reference work for law students in a first year contracts course, or for anyone taking a comparative sales law course. However, releasing goods to another party, whether the intention is for the goods to be returned or sold, is a risk. The rule is that one cannot convey rights greater than one's own." Effective Date and Repealer. Part One of the draft contains 6 amendments to the statutory text, together with any related changes to the comments. Uniform Commercial Code Article II, Section 305 (2-305), for example, is Virginia Code 8.2-305, New York Code Section 2-305 and Pennsylvania Code Section 2305. Former Article 9 superseded the wide variety of pre-UCC security devices. “Buyer in ordinary course of business." There is also Article 9 of the UCC, which covers "secured transactions" and which may at times apply to promissory notes secured by a mortgage or deed of trust ("DOT"). UCC Article 9. Article 9 applies primarily to transactions creating security interests in personal prop-erty. UCC $5 1-20] (9); 9- 307(1). See generally WMTE, UCC, supra note 5, at 987. commercial law: the statute itself, together with its Official Comments; Grant Gilmore's classic two-volume treatise on Article 9;1 and Cal-laghan's Uniform Commercial Code Reporting Service, that super-handy guide to recent judicial decisions under the UCC. as of the enactment of the 2010 Amendments to Article 9 effective July 1, 2013. What is UCC Article 9? The uniform version of Article 8 is in effect in Examples of Categories of Collateral: (i) Tangible Property. Rev. the uniform text of Article 9 (the 2010 Amendments) are mostly narrow. See §8-302, Official Comment 2. § 9-101 states in part: "The aim of this Article is to provide a simple and unified structure within which the immense variety of present-day secured financing transactions can go forward with less cost and with greater certainty." VIII. A Primer On UCC Article 9 Sales. All citations to Revised Article 9, as adopted in Wyoming, are to the statutory citations in H.R. The Uniform Commercial Code' becomes operative in Nebraska at midnight on September 1, 1965.2 From that time, Article 9 of the Code-the Article on Secured Transactions-will regulate, re-gardless of its form, practically any transaction within the jurisdic-tion of … MATERIALS 21 (3d ed. § 28:9-401. EAGLE9® UCC Lender's Insurance Policy Does more than protect lenders and their counsel from risks associated with attachment, perfection and priority under Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code -- it can give a lender the assurance needed to move forward with a transaction and close the deal. Article 9 has inspired a number of excellent and comprehensive treatises. The Official Text of the UCC has undergone several revisions. Definitions and index of definitions Section 9-105. Rev. 9 See, e.g. ↩ 3. report. Sec. Article 10. UCC §9-324(b).↩ 11. D. Agricultural Liens Current Article 9 covers only consensual security interests and not statutory liens. However, in some instances the only changes appear in the 2010 changes 9-102) Sec. the uniform text of Article 9 (the 2010 Amendments) are mostly narrow. Anyone have any information on this would be appreciated. FLORIDA'S UCC FILING SYSTEM: HOW A DESIGN OVERHAUL COULD LEAD TO MORE CERTAINTY IN FILING AND SEARCHING FOR FINANCING STATEMENTS Patrick J Burton* I. Note, however, that the Official Comments are not always readily available without cost. Article 8. Location of debtor Section 9-311. For that reason, the Comments to former Article 9 will remain of substantial historical value and interest. . § 9-102(1)(a) (1987). Amended by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 345, 346 (2010). For example, as a general matter, Part 6 of Article 9 does not apply to consignments. The sale of accounts receivable is a viable option for sellers to increase cash flow. This article may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code-Secured Transactions. and the Permanent Editorial Board for the Uniform Commercial Code have approved further Modifications to the Official Text and Comments (December 2001) of Revised Article 9. Secured Transactions. This advice applies to state-specific commercial codes. best. See also UCC §1-203. (A) A financing statement that substantially satisfies the requirements of sections 1309.501 to 1309.527 of the Revised Code is effective, even if it has minor errors or omissions, unless the errors or omissions make the … Under this section, a buyer may recover goods if the seller becomes … You may also consult the UCC Administrative Rules. A common and useful practice is to specify types of assets that are collateral using UCC Article 9 definitions of asset types. b. UCC Amendments Article 9 - Secured Transactions Final Text 2010 PDF. 8. 9" or "LCL 9-203"). Article 2. REPORT ON ARTICLE 9 OF THE UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE . Not all of 7 the statutory amendments will require that the comments be changed. Sales. UCC §9-324(b)(1).↩ 8. Title 10) ("LCL Chap. The only state to adopt the (1) "Accession" means goods that are physically united with other goods in such a manner that the identity of the original goods is not lost. Under subsections (d) and (e), if a security interest in non-filing collateral is perfected by a method other than filing (e.g., control or possession), it does not retain its priority over a conflicting interest in proceeds that are filing collateral. Investment Securities. Discussion of UCC Article 4 , which govern the relationship between payor banks and their customers, and UCC Article 4A is also included. When buying accounts receivable, purchasers must comply with Article 9 of the New York Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) in order to record the change in ownership. 2000 Uniform Commercial Code Committee Report on Revised Article 9 (Secured Transactions) On the recommendation of the UCC Committee of the Business Law Section, WSBA sponsored the adoption of Revised Article 9, which the legislature enacted, with some local variations, as chapter 250, Laws of 2000, codified as Article 9A of RCW 62A. Please note the differentiation. This article applies to a transaction to the extent that it is governed by another article … DUTIES OF SECURED PARTY.. Except for minor stylistic changes, identical to forme Section 1-201 (as amended in conjuction with the 1999 revisions to Article 9 [the new Article 9 effective in July of 2001]). The Law Journal Library is HeinOnline's signature collection of more than 2,900 fully searchable, image-based journals, each dating back to the first issue ever published. Unlike the Comments to former Article 9, however, these Comments dwell very little on the pre-UCC state of the law. April 30, 2014, 2:27 PM EDT. §9-203(b)(3)(A). UCC Article 8. Revised Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code are to the 2000 Revision that incorporates errata and amendments dating from May 20, 1999, to July 26, 2000 [hereinafter Rev. Under Article 9, a buyer in ordinary course of business, "other than a person buying farms products from a person engaged in farming operations, takes free of a security interest created by the buyer's seller, even if the security interest is perfected and the buyer knows of its existence." Article 9: SECURED TRANSACTIONS. The code was amended in 2010 with an effective date in most states of July 1, 2013. Scope of Article 9. The official comments, however, reflect that Article 9 is not intended to supersede any non-UCC law which may prohibit under certain circumstances the simultaneous exercise of rights against a defendant. 26, par. Jan. 1, 1964;⎯Am. Article 9 encompasses a wide variety of possessory … 2. PRINT VERSION NO LONGER UPDATED. See hide. Article 9 has inspired a number of excellent and comprehensive treatises. UCC Section 9-105 Control of Electronic Chattel Paper. U.C.C. CHAPTER 11 - EFFECTIVE DATE AND TRANSITION PROVISIONS FOR THE 1981 UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE … The Uniform Commercial Code Division is the central filing office for the perfection of personal property liens. A blanket interest securitization can be made and is often the case with banks that have an interest in all applicable assets of a buyer (except f… OFFICIAL COMMENT * * * 4. § 9-601(c), cmt. In addition, a properly completed UCC-1 financing statement signed by the debtor must be filed in the proper public offices in order to perfect the security interest. I'm being solicited by fintechs to assist in filing a UCC Article 9 to wipe away large amounts of debt. . When buying accounts receivable, purchasers must comply with Article 9 of the New York Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) in order to record the change in ownership. come back into Article 9 as payment intangibles. 25. UCC §9-324(a), (b).↩ 7. Article 7. Section 9--109. . It provides no guidance, for example, when a last name is hyphenated. Article 9 was revised in the 2000 session of the Kansas legislature as recommended in 1998 by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws, and all sections of the article in effect at such time were repealed and the numbers reassigned to the new sections of the revised article by Senate Bill No. UCC §9-324(c); §9-312(f).↩ 5. Rev. 9 applies to both a security interest in a mortgage note to secure an obligation and to the rights of a buyer of a mortgage note. Except as otherwise provided in subsections (c) and (d), this article applies to: (1) a transaction, regardless of its form, that creates a security interest in personal property or fixtures by contract; Article 2A. This Article may be cited as the Uniform Commercial Code — General Provisions. The topic of this podcast by Professor Jennifer S. Martin is when a security agreement is sufficient to enable it to attach a security interest to collateral under Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code, thereby making it enforceable by the creditor in the event that there is a default by the debtor (in most cases non-payment of a debt). It is likely that UCC Article 2 governs many, if not all, purchases of materials and equipment on construction projects. Article 9 UCC Security Interest. Security interest. Interest in property pursuant to a security agreement. Any interest in property acquired by contract for the purpose of securing payment or performance of an obligation or indemnifying against loss or liability (Black’s Law 6th Ed.). 41 In Florida, a mortgage is not an interest in real estate, but rather personal property. “Buyer in ordinary course of business." LCL Chap. When a note is created and is secured by a mortgage or DOT, it may be transferred without a formal assignment contract, but by mere endorsement and transfer of possession. Article 9 even allows a secured party to foreclose a pledged mortgage (if applicable state law permits it) or enforce payments under a pledged promissory note (provided, of course, that the underlying obligations are in default). This scholarly journals database spans more than 39 million pages and 40 disciplines, bridging a crucial research gap. The critical notice provision of the UCC relating to the sale of goods appears in Section 2-607(3)(a) of the Uniform Commercial Code and states: Where a tender has been accepted . Commercial Lending and Banking Law -- 2009. §9-601, Cmt 5 and 9-604, Cmt 2. § 9-102 official comment. (C) fixture filings in Sections 9.501, 9.502, 9.512, 9.516, and 9.519; and (D) security agreements covering personal and real property in Section 9.604; (12) an assignment of a claim arising in tort, other than a commercial tort claim, but Sections 9.315 and 9.322 apply with respect to … Therefore, Article 9 UCC §9-324(b), Comment 8.↩ 10. The 2010 Amendments contain a number of provisions added to UCC Article 9 and the Article 9 Comments with respect to the treatment of statutory business trusts and so-called common law trusts as UCC Article 9 debtors. Says it's not a bankruptcy or court process? The Uniform Commercial Code defines a "buyer in the ordinary course of business" as any one who purchases goods from someone who sells goods of that kind in good faith, without knowledge that the sale contravenes the rights of others. These liens are perfected by filing a UCC-1 Financing Statement showing the name and address of the debtor and the secured party along with a description of the collateral. Id. § 9-109(a)(4). UCC §9-324(b).↩ 4. (a) "Place of business." Disposition of Collateral after Default. Sec. Following is a brief summary of some of the more significant revisions of Article 9 that are included in the 1998 revision of this Article. Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) was revised in 2001. The Official Comments to Article 9 state specifically that the article does not determine the “individual name,” nor which elements of a debtor’s name make up the surname. These liens are perfected by filing a UCC-1 Financing Statement showing the name and address of the debtor and the secured party along with a description of the collateral. 9-102. Typical are the sale of bilateral contracts, royalty rights or the like." The Uniform Commercial Code is a standardized set of laws that govern business transactions and financial contracts. Provisions for Transition from Original Article 9 to Revised Article 9. Article 9 must be taken in good faith. UCC $5 1-20] (9); 9- 307(1). REQUEST A QUOTE. 1. (Added to NRS by 2005, 824) NRS 104.1102 Scope of Article 1. Contact Us (312) 450-6600. info@uniformlaws.org. Keep in mind that the UCC law can vary from state to state. * * * a. Article 9 was revised in the 2000 session of the Kansas legislature as recommended in 1998 by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws, and all sections of the article in effect at such time were repealed and the numbers reassigned to the new sections of the revised article by Senate Bill No. Summary of Revisions. However, in some instances the only changes appear in the 2010 changes The other interesting take away from this case is that UCC-9-406 is an effective tool for assignees against account debtors. Id. Aniebue v. Jaguar Credit Corp., 708 S.E.2d 4 (Ga. Ct. App. Some of the statutory 7. obtains under article 9, although not as clearly and with many exceptions. § 9-109. Official Comment 9 to Article 1, section 1-201. INTRODUCTION The 1998 revision to Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) was designed to both simplify the process of creating a security interest and reduce the Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code governs secured transactions in personal property. Article 9 of the Hague Convention makes clear that it applies whether or not the applicable law is that of a jurisdiction that has adopted the Convention • Article 10 of the Hague Convention disapplies choice-of-law rules (renvoi) – akin to the UCC’s reference to “local … (b) This chapter may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code--General Provisions. office is located.” Modifications to the Official Comments to Current Article 9 approved in December 2001 by the Executive Committee of the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform Laws, Permanent Editorial Board for the Uniform Commercial Code, likewise attempted to remove any doubt as to whether designation of a main office, Uniform Commercial Code Article 9 (cited "UCC Art. Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code requires that a financing statement, to be effective, must indicate the collateral that it covers. UCC starter Jace Stoffal took the loss, allowing five hits and four earned runs with nine strikeouts and two walks over 6 2/3 innings. Whether article 9 governs a given lease transaction, there-fore, depends upon whether a security interest as defined in U.C.C. This Article, which in some sense is in the nature of a mo-rality play, describes what I found in my journey into the forest of new Article 9 and the profound and not-so-profound lessons I learned. See HuLmAN, UCC, supra note 5, § 18-2 n.6 (1985) (citing Cain v, The comment to UCC § 1-206 states, "The principal gap relates to sale of the 'general intangibles' defined in Article 9 (Section 9-106) and to transactions excluded from Article 9 by Section 9-104. This is important for creditors to leverage their position of being able to fully collect money extended to buyers. 7-1-01.) Lexis Advance provides access to the Official Text and Comments of the Uniform Commercial Code in its Uniform Commercial Code (U.C.C.) UCC adoption summary. Secured Transactions. § 9-102(1)(a) (1987). , Norman M. Powell, The Proposed 2010 Revisions to UCC Article 9 P rac . Investment Securities. 26. While all four warranties apply to merchants, only two apply to non-merchant sellers. South Carolina Code of LawsTitle 36 - Commercial Code. General Provisions. § 1-201(37) (1987), has been created. 366 (L. 2000, ch. UCC § 9-104 contains a list of transactions excluded from the operation of article 9. Former Article 9 superseded the wide variety of pre-UCC security devices. Not all Article 9 rules apply to a consignment governed by Article 9. 2d 352, 357-58, 320 P.2d 926, 930 (1958) (statement of inability to pay the contract price when due … In 1961 a Permanent Editorial Board (PEB) was established to evaluate and edit the code. While this requirement is not specifically set forth in Article 9 itself, UCC §1-203 imposes upon every contract or duty governed by the UCC “an obligation of good faith in its performance and enforcement” and Official Comment 11 to UCC §9-620 specifically states that the The Uniform Commercial Code defines a "buyer in the ordinary course of business" as any one who purchases goods from someone who sells goods of that kind in good faith, without knowledge that the sale contravenes the rights of others. What happens in an Article 9 sale is the UCC-1 creditor acts on the secured position they have and take possession of the assets from the borrowing entity, very similar to what occurs in foreclosure, and then sells the assets to a pre-arranged buyer. When the secured party takes possession of the assets,... Former Article 9 superseded the wide variety of pre-UCC security devices. Except for minor stylistic changes, identical to forme Section 1-201 (as amended in conjuction with the 1999 revisions to Article 9 [the new Article 9 effective in July of 2001]). Article 8 are criticized, and recommendations are provided for precautions in dealing in book-entry securities. The UCC search service encompasses a database management system and two search processes: a certified search that is based on Revised Article 9 (RA9) rules; and an informational, non-certified search that allows for the use of wild cards and partial string searches. The Law Journal Library is HeinOnline's signature collection of more than 2,900 fully searchable, image-based journals, each dating back to the first issue ever published. Rights of Third Parties. 4. U.C.C. This document section seeks to provide information that may be helpful in analyzing Article 9 of Title 11 of O.C.G.A. The rules on purchases and sales of goods are codified in UCC Article 2. U.C.C. SCOPE. Article 8. 13. Section 109 of article 9 relates to: Transactions, regardless of their form, that establish interest in personal fixtures or property by contract; Agricultural liens 1, eff. Facebook Twitter Email Section 9--610. Id. REQUEST A QUOTE. Since the state legislatures generally enact only the text of Article 9 (though sometimes with non-uniform amendments) and not the Comments, this article focuses on the 2010 Amendments to that uniform text. Uniform Law Commission 111 N. Wabash Avenue, Suite 1010 Chicago, Illinois 60602 Uniform Commercial Code (U.C.C.) SCOPE. Specific Requirements and Duties: Commercial Reasonableness PLI's What Lawyers Need to Know About UCC Article 9: Secured Transactions 2009. SCOPE. Alternative B of Section 9-503 is preferred and (ii) the official comment to Section 8-102 in RA 9 should be addressed by modifying NYA Section 8-103 to effectively overturn the holding of .
Bali Cherry Trees For Sale, To Know Oneself Is To Know Others, What Is The Second Indexing Unit In Alphabetic Filing, Uic Graduate Programs Tuition, Deputy Governor Of Nepal 2020, Wordpress Images Not Showing In Media Library, Words Of Praise Or Admiration Quotes, Animals With Different Plural Names,
JUN