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Nutrición: Es herbívoro, se alimenta de pastos y hierbas. Uniunea Internațională pentru Conservarea Naturii, images and movies of the African Bush Elephant, Clips from the BBC archive, news stories and sound files of the African Bush Elephant, https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Loxodonta_africana&oldid=13221973, Articole Wikipedia cu informații bibliotecare, Беларуская (тарашкевіца)‎, Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски, Creative Commons cu atribuire și distribuire în condiții identice. ... megalokamilo macho adulto sin mucha dificultad y prácticamente pulverizar la tibia trasera izquierda de un Atlassaurus macho adulto." Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, et F. Cuvier. [23], Both male and female African elephants have tusks that grow from deciduous teeth called tushes, which are replaced by tusks when calves are about one year old. Masa Corporal: Loxodonta africana: 6.000 kg, Elephas maximus: 2.700 kg, Loxodonta cyclotis: 2.700 kg Periodo de gestación: Loxodonta africana: 22 m, Elephas maximus: 18 – 22 m Altura: Loxodonta africana: 3,3 m, Elephas maximus: 2,7 m ... Dimorfismo sexual: macho maior com presas maiores. Ultima editare a paginii a fost efectuată la 31 decembrie 2019, ora 12:15. En cuanto a la altura del hombro, en el macho tiene un promedio de 3,2 metros y en la hembra está entre 2,5 y 2,7 metros. The females will yell, in a loud, low way to attract males from far away. [7] Later authors considered it to be a subspecies. Males over the age of 25 compete strongly for females in estrus, and are more successful the larger and more aggressive they are. [74], In 2019, the export of wild African elephants to zoos around the world was banned, with an exception added by the EU to allow export in "exceptional cases where … it is considered that a transfer to ex-situ locations will provide demonstrable in-situ conservation benefits for African elephants". "Age, musth, and paternity success in wild male African elephants, "The exploitation of elephants for the ivory trade: an historical perspective", "How many elephants are killed for the ivory trade? [citation needed], Based on vegetation types that provide suitable habitat for African elephants, it was estimated that in the early 19th century a maximum of 26,913,000 African elephants might have been present from the Sahel in the north to the Highveld in the south. El elefante africano de sabana ( Loxodonta africana), también conocido como elefante africano de la sabana, es el animal terrestre vivo más grande con toros que alcanzan una altura de hombros de hasta 3,96 m (13,0 pies). [8] Its back is concave-shaped, while the back of the African forest elephant is nearly straight. Well organized networks facilitated smuggling the ivory through Sudan. Cuando son adultos maduros los co… [43], Elephants exhibit a wide variety of behaviors, including those associated with grief, learning, mimicry, art, play, a sense of humor, altruism, use of tools, compassion, cooperation,[44] self-awareness, memory and possibly language. This listing banned international trade of African elephants and their body parts by countries that signed the CITES agreement. [4] [25], The African bush elephant is the largest terrestrial animal. Loxodonta africana cyclotis ha un’altezza, in media, di 240 cm nei maschi e di poco più di due metri nelle femmine, con record (rari) di tre metri ed ovviamente pesi decisamente inferiori. After the ban came into force in 1990, retail sales of ivory carvings in South Africa have plummeted by more than 95% within 10 years. "[82] Their flag depicted an elephant wearing a royal crown. Cows are 2.2–2.6 m (7.2–8.5 ft) tall at the shoulder and weigh 2,160–3,232 kg (4,762–7,125 lb), while bulls are 3.2–4 m (10–13 ft) tall and weigh 4,700–6,048 kg (10,362–13,334 lb). Poaching for the illegal ivory trade is a threat in several range countries as well. The trunk is a prehensile elongation of its upper lip and nose. Afrikar elefantea (Loxodonta africana) Loxodonta generoko animalia da. It is distributed across 37 African countries and inhabits forests, grasslands and woodlands, wetlands and agricultural land. However, this can depend on the ranking of the male within their group, as higher-ranking males maintain a higher rate of reproduction. "[68] In response Chinese consumers moved to purchasing their ivory through markets in Laos, leading conservation groups to request pressure be put on Laos to end the trade. [citation needed]. As the front pair wears down and drops out in pieces, the back pair moves forward, and two new molars emerge in the back of the mouth. The Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals provided financial support for four years to implement the West African Elephant Conservation Strategy, which forms the central component of this intergovernmental treaty. This name refers to the lozenge-shaped enamel of the molar teeth, which differs significantly from the shape of the Asian elephant's molar enamel. [47][49], African elephants are at their most fertile between the ages of 25 and 45. The gestation period of an elephant is 22 months and fertile females usually give birth every 3–6 years, so if they live to around 50 years of age, they may produce 7 offspring. [76][77] It is also praised for its size, longevity, stamina, mental faculties, cooperative spirit, and loyalty. Los jóvenes, al nacer, miden, desde su extremidad hasta su hombro, de 0,8 a 1,05 m… During the middle of estrus, female elephants look for males in musth to guard them. Loxodonta africana rothschildi (Lydekker, 1907) Loxodonta africana selousi (Lydekker, 1907) Loxodonta africana toxotis (Lydekker, 1907) Loxodonta africana zukowskyi Strand, 1924; Loxodonta pharaohensis hannibali Deraniyagala, 1953 [nomen nudum] References . ... Os elefantes abanam-nas para facilitar o arrefecimento corporal ou quando são importunados. Imágenes de elefantes de sabana africana, incluyendo bebés elefantes, manadas de elefantes, elefantes en baños de barro, elefantes migran y más. Nombre científico: Loxodonta africana Estado de conservación: Vulnerable (Aumento) Enciclopedia de la vida Promedio de vida: 60 – 70 años Periodo de gestación: 22 meses Nivel trófico: Herbívoro Enciclopedia de la vida Altura: Macho: 3,2 m (Adulto, Al hombro), Hembra: 2,2 – … [20], Sequence analysis of DNA from fossils of the extinct Eurasian Palaeoloxodon antiquus shows it to be much closer related to the African forest elephant than to the African bush elephant. This highly sensitive organ is innervated primarily by the trigeminal nerve, and thought to be manipulated by about 40–60,000 muscles. [51][52] Musth also serves a purpose of calling attention to the females that they are of good quality, and it cannot be mimicked as certain calls or noises may be. [71] They are curved forward and continue to grow throughout the elephant's lifetime. Los elefantes africanos son los elefantes del género Loxodonta.El género se compone de dos existentes especies: la Loxodonta africana, L. africana, y el más pequeño elefante africano del bosque, L. cyclotis. [40], African elephants are highly intelligent. [29] It is the third largest terrestrial animal. Like African elephants (Loxodonta africana; Lee 1987, Moss 1988), matriarchal groups of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) act together to care for calves and defend them from predators (reviewed in Whitehead and Weilgart 2000).The formation of mother–calf nursery groups, common among dolphins, can offer calves protection from predators by choosing low-risk areas (see also Chapter 9). In 2012, The New York Times reported a large upsurge in ivory poaching, with about 70% of the product flowing to China. In the 1970s and 1980s, the price for ivory rose, and poaching for ivory increased in particular in Central African range countries where access to elephant habitats was facilitated by logging and petroleum mining industries. [34][35], Elephants use some vocalisations that are beyond the hearing range of humans,[36] to communicate across large distances. This leads males to compete with each other to mate, which results in the females mating with older, healthier males. An anonymous author used the Latinized spelling Loxodonta in 1827. Hunting elephants is banned in the Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Gabon, Côte d'Ivoire, and Senegal. This is reported as the worst decline in the past 25 years. 287). [6] In 1936, Glover Morrill Allen considered this elephant to be a distinct species and called it 'forest elephant'. [61], When the international ivory trade reopened in 2006, the demand and price for ivory increased in Asia. [22] Tusks are used for digging for roots and stripping the bark from trees for food, for fighting each other during mating season, and for defending themselves against predators. With a mass of just over 5 kg (11 lb), the elephant brain is larger than that of any other terrestrial animal. [21], African elephants have a grey folded and up to 30 mm (1.2 in) thick skin that is covered with sparse bristled dark-brown to black hair. See Spanish-English translations with audio pronunciations, examples, and word-by-word explanations. Guezo and Glele ruled from 1818 to 1858 and from 1858 to 1889, respectively, Vira, Varun and Ewing, Thomas (April 2014), International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, West African Elephant Memorandum of Understanding, Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, "Analytical Notices of Books. The government of Tanzania estimated that more than 85,000 elephants were lost to poaching in Tanzania between 2009 and 2014, representing a 60% loss. [8] Their large ears help to reduce body heat; flapping them creates air currents and exposes the ears' inner sides where large blood vessels increase heat loss during hot weather. [28], The African forest elephant is smaller with male shoulder heights of up to 2.5 metres (8.2 ft). However, females are not guarded in the early and late stages of estrus, which may permit mating by younger males not in musth. Around 40 to 60 years of age, the elephant loses the last of its molars and will likely die of starvation, a common cause of death. El macho es más grande que la hembra. [30], African elephants are distributed in Sub-Saharan Africa, where they inhabit Sahelian scrubland and arid regions, tropical rainforests, mopane and miombo woodlands. [67], China was the biggest market for poached ivory but announced that it would phase out the legal domestic manufacture and sale of ivory products in May 2015, and in September of that year, China and the U.S.A. "said they would enact a nearly complete ban on the import and export of ivory. Fuerza mandibular: 8.000-13.500 Newtons: Velocidad: ... (Loxodonta africana.) The population in the Tanzanian Selous Game Reserve, once the largest of any reserve in the world, dropped from 109,000 in 1976 to 13,000 in 2013. Fossil remains of Loxodonta species have been excavated in Africa, dating to the Middle Pliocene. Previously, export had been allowed in Southern Africa with Zimbabwe capturing and exporting more than 100 baby elephants to Chinese zoos since 2012. [8][9][2] Morphological and genetic analyses provided evidence for species-level differences between the African bush elephant and the African forest elephant. The population of African elephants in Southern Africa is large and expanding, with more than 300,000 within the region; Botswana has 200,000 and Zimbabwe 80,000. Loxodonta africana nasal rumble visualized with acoustic camera (5fps) - pone.0048907.s002.ogv 13 s, 1,600 × 1,200; 3.14 MB Play media Loxodonta africana oral rumble visualized with acoustic camera (25fps) - pone.0048907.s003.ogv 3.0 s, 1,600 × 1,200; 3.91 MB Handbuch der Naturgeschichte. Os olhos são cercados por longas pestanas, e são pequenos e ficam protegidos por espessas pálpebras. Tusks are composed of dentin, which forms small diamond-shaped structures in the tusk's center that become larger at its periphery. [45] All point to a highly intelligent species that is thought to be equal with cetaceans[46][47][48] and primates. Leer Más > Etiquetas: anatomía, características físicas, elefante africano, longitud, Loxodonta africana, tamaño [70], In 1989, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora listed the African elephant on CITES Appendix I. Histoire Naturelle des Mammifères, avec des Figures originale, dessinées d'après des Animaux vivans; &c. Par MM. Tamaño: La longitud total de un macho incluida la cola es de 9 metros. While females are the most active members of African elephant groups, both male and female elephants are capable of distinguishing between hundreds of different low frequency infrasonic calls to communicate with and identify each other. Promedio de vida: 60 – 70 años. Elephant mating rituals include the gentle entwining of trunks. The carrying capacity of remaining suitable habitats was estimated at 8,985,000 elephants at most by 1987. [31], Both African elephant species live in family units comprising several adult cows, their daughters and their subadult sons. Podem pesar mais de uma tonelada e são considerados um dos maiores mamíferos terrestres da atualidade. Media in category "Loxodonta africana of Kenya" The following 163 files are in this category, out of 163 total. Seres Sociáveis [69], In 1986, the African Elephant Database was initiated with the aim to monitor the status of African elephant populations. El elefante (Loxodonta Africana) es el animal terrestre más grande de la Tierra, y también son uno de los animales de aspecto más singular.Con sus características narices largas, o trompas; orejas grandes y flexibles; y patas anchas y gruesas, no hay otro animal con un físico similar. [5] Anonymous was recognized as authority by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature in 1999. Loxodonta is one of two existing genera of the family Elephantidae. El elefante africano de sabana (Loxodonta africana) es un mamífero proboscideo de la familia de los elefántidos. The tusks weigh from 23 to 45 kg (51–99 lb) and can be from 1.5 to 2.4 m (5–8 ft) long. The African elephant (Loxodonta) is a genus comprising two living elephant species, the African bush elephant (L. africana) and the smaller African forest elephant (L. cyclotis). The African elephant (Loxodonta) is a genus comprising two living elephant species, the African bush elephant (L. africana) and the smaller African forest elephant (L. cyclotis). De bosolifant (Loxodonta cyclotis) is een van de drie nog levende soorten olifanten.De bosolifant komt alleen voor in de regenwouden van Afrika.Voorheen werden de bosolifant en de verwante savanneolifant (Loxodonta africana) tot dezelfde soort gerekend, de Afrikaanse olifant.Genetisch onderzoek heeft echter uitgewezen dat het hier om twee aparte soorten gaat. Loxodonta africana africana Elephas africanus, Loxodonta africana este o specie de elefanți din familia Elephantidae, ordinul Proboscidea, și cea mai mare din cele două specii de elefant african.[2]. Hoje existem apenas três espécies do mundo: 2 africanas (Loxodonta africana e Loxodonta cyclotis) e 1 asiática (Elephas maximus). [38], While feeding, the African elephant uses its trunk to pluck leaves and its tusk to tear at branches, which can cause enormous damage to foliage. [24] Fermentation of the food takes place in the hindgut, thus enabling large food intakes. (Hollister-Smith, et al. South Africa uses elephant tusks in their coat of arms to represent wisdom, strength, moderation and eternity. After puberty, male elephants tend to form close alliances with other males. The African forest elephant was found to have a high degree of genetic diversity, perhaps reflecting periodic fragmentation of their habitat during the climatic changes in the Pleistocene. The divergence between the Asian elephant and the woolly mammoths is estimated 2.5 – 5.4 million years ago, which strongly supports their status as distinct species. As a result of the trade ban, African elephant populations recovered in Southern African range countries. [57] [55] Wild males begin breeding in their thirties when they are at a size and weight that is competitive with other adult males. [54] Bigger males tend to sire bigger offspring. [41] They have a very large and highly convoluted neocortex, a trait they share with humans, apes and some dolphin species. [59] [15] They are all considered synonymous with the African bush elephant.[1]. They are amongst the world's most intelligent species. [37], The bulls were believed to be solitary animals, becoming independent once reaching maturity. Gran elefante africano macho: enormes colmillos, orejas grandes, gruesas patas, extenso volumen corporal, anatomía musculosa y ¡mucha belleza! Ellas miden alrededor de 2.6 m (8.5 ft) de alto y tienen un peso de 3,200 kg (7054.792 lb), mientras los machos llegan a alcanzar los 4 m de altura (13 ft) y presentar un peso que oscila entre 4,700 y 6,300 kg. [30] The calves are cared for by their mother and other young females in the group, known as allomothering.[32]. [22] Elephants have four molars; each weighs about 5 kg (11 lb) and measures about 30 cm (12 in) long. Los colmillos se desarrollan en ambos sexos, los cuales crecen año con año algunos centímetros. Masa corporal: 9.000-13.400 kilogramos. They do not mate at a specific time; however, they are less likely to reproduce in times of drought than when water is plentiful. The analysis revealed that several African bush elephants carried mitochondrial DNA of African forest elephants, which indicates that they hybridised in the savanna-forest transition zone also in ancient times. Consumiendo el 5% de su peso corporal en 24 horas, el elefante africano de sabana es el mamífero terrestre más grande que existe. Loxodonta africana este o specie de elefanți din familia Elephantidae, ordinul Proboscidea, și cea mai mare din cele două specii de elefant african. Decrease of suitable habitat was the major cause for the decline of elephant populations until the 1950s. African Elephant (Loxodonta africana)", "Elephant: The Animal and Its Ivory in African Culture", "Elephant Figure | Fon peoples | The Met", CMS West African Elephant Memorandum of Understanding, "Elephant caves" of Mt Elgon National Park, EIA 25 yrs investigating the ivory trade, reports etc, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=African_elephant&oldid=992906273, National symbols of the Central African Republic, National symbols of the Republic of the Congo, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2019, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from ARKive, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, David Quammen: " Family ties – The elephants of Samburu", This page was last edited on 7 December 2020, at 19:03.

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